Combination lock



J. M. zwEIMAN.

- COMBINATION LOC K.

l I APPLICATION FILED .IUNE22. 1921. y 1,417,7' 89. Patented May 30, 1922 ma; l,

ae Il 7% wf? w J. M. ZWEIMAN.

COMBINATION L0CK.

AFPLICATION FILED )UNE 22,1921.

` 1,417,789. Patented May 3o, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A TTRNE Y UNITED STATES 'PATENT OFFICE.

COMBINATIGN LOCK.

Spcccaiion of Letters Patent.

Patented May 30, 1922.

Application filed .Tune 22, 1921. Seria] No. 479,503.

Be it linoivn that limites M. Zwnnmrn citizen ot' i-lussizi (having declared his intentions oit becoming a citizen ot the United finitos). residingl at lNest New `forli. New .ifersev has invented a new and useful ,improveinent in `Combination- Locks7 oi? which the following is a specification,

The present invention relates `to u new sini improved torni, ot combination lock. the construction ot which is so designed 'that the iuris thereofE muy be readily adjusted to operate under dilierenl; combinations, and a secoi'id combination device adapted to cooperate with the. lool: to permit the oper-asien ol' the latter and to complicate the combination so as to rcnderit practiralliY impossible to decipher the secret combination and thus open the ioclr.

The objects of this invention are, first, 'to provide a double combination lock. o'l" the character liereinaiter described in which the secret combinutions required to operate the lodi'. muy be readiliY changed Without dismantling the entire nicchuiuisn'i: second to provide s series ojt rotatablji mounted. disks provided with radially extending spokes and :ula'oted to be linlepiudently rotated to receive u selector plete carried by the usual loi-laine; bolts to permit thc operation et the latter. and third. to provide ineens :lor si multaneou ettectuating the movement` ot each set ol bolts to release their locking` ziction.

Viitli such objects in verv and others vfliicli will appear tliroiurliout the 'tollovnq` dcscriigition. the invention comprises the novel 'features and combinations ot parte hereinafter fully described and illustratively ezicinpliiied in the :ic-compunyinui drawing, ivlie rein YFis'. i is sulistantialliY longitudinal sectiouai view teken on lines l---l ot' Fie'. 2. showing' my improveifl double combination loclf aiiplied to a, sate door.

Fig, 2. is au elevational-viciv ot the rear oi" the ,sa/lie door vvitli the back plate removed to show otherwise hidden parts.

Fie; i3, is a perspective view ot the primary combination dial which operates the snolied disks.

L Fie; il", is a trout elevational viciv oi tbe salie door. showing' the i'oinliiination dials.

l'iig. 5. a detail vieu oi one of the spoked wheels, showingY the pin replacing one of the regular spokes and adapted to enter `the selector plete to completeone step in forming the combination. K

Beferringto the drawings, lO'ldesignates a doorprovided with the usual bankededges il. hinges .i2 end fixed bolts 13, the latter of which project from thel hinged edge of the door. The rear portion oit' the door l0 is hollowy and provides `n chamber M in which the operating mechanism is housed. A bach plete 15 is secured to the face of back oit the door l() to completely enclose the locking mechanism.

The primar;v combination device 16 is mounted substantially in the center of the door l0 and comprises a. rotatably mounted shaft .1T whichentends through the front wall oit' the door und terminates in a. conically shaped dial dislr 1S. A ring' 19 se cured to the face of doorl l() surrounds the dial and is provided `with the usual combination numbers 20. .sin .arrow 2l embossed adjacent the periphery of the dial 18 is provided to register ivit-h the numbers 20. The inner end of the shaft 17 carries a guide block 22- having n transverse guideway 23 formed therein.L The block E22 is securedto the inner end ot the shaft i117 by means of a screwv 24. si.. bar 25 slidsbiy mounted in the guideway 23 provided with a series of depressions 26 in the outer fece thereof` and adjacentits forward end; these depressions QG receive s spring` actuated bell Q7 carried by the block and operate as a centering or locatingl device, the `:Function of which will be more fully described hereinafter. The cnd on, the be." Q5 oppositeto the depres ions Q6 is provided with e rack E28 having' its teeth directed toward tl'ie outer side ot door l0 and the inner end of this ruck 28 carries :in enlarged tooth 29 which operetes a series oi spolred disks. referred to hereinafter as selectors,

Qi fixed spindle 3() sliirrounds the shaft 17 and is proviiiled ai its inner end with s Vflange 3l which serves as a bearing plate ugaiust which the block rotates, Looselyv mounted on the spindle 30 and spaced -from each other b v spacing` disks 32 are a series ot.' disks or selectors `generally indicated at 33, in the present instance 'iour such disks are shown. but it will be iniderstood that, env number may be used to provide a more intricate combination'. To more clearly describe the operation of the. lock the` four vand lateral outer offset 445 disks or selectors are designated at 33, 34,`

cross section trom the other live; and, as shown, the oddly shaped spoke comprises.

a round pin 38, while the other live spokes are rectangular in cross section. It might be noted that the diameters of these round pins 38 are somewhat smaller than the corresponding width of the other spokes 37. The outer ends of these square spokes v37 are provided with threaded openings eX- tending transversely thereof and adapted to receive screws 39 carried by a metal exten sion generally indicated at 40. Each disk or selector 63 is provided with one of these extensions 40 which projectsontwardly and then rearwardly in the direction of the aXis ot' the spindle 30 to a `point which is on ya plane even with the tooth 29 and in the pathot movement ot the latter. The length oi? these extensions will dependl upon the position ol' the disk 83 to which each is attached, and'in Figs. l and 2l, the relative position of each extension is shown and numbered 4l, 42, 43 and 44-respectively. rlhe offset portion 45 at the end of each extension 40 is arranged so'thatits path oi' rotation with its disk or selector S'llrwill be in a circular line which will be ot a. slightly different diameter than its associate; or in other words, the distance from the axis o'l the spindle 30 to the offset portion 45 will be greater ifor each disk beginning with 33, so that when being rotated, the extensions and their offset ends will not be interfered `with by the circular movement ol` each other. f

Mounted to rotate in a suitable bearing 46 carried by a bracket 47 which projects from the inner side ol the wall of the chamH ber 14, is a toothed wheel' 48the teeth of which are adapted to mesh with the rack 28.`

Secured to one tace oi the wheel 48 is a bevel gear 49 meshing with a second bevel gear 49 mounted in a suitable bracket and adapted to rotate with a secondary combination 'shaft 50 which is parallel to the primary shaft li' and extends through the 'liront portion oli` the door l0. rlhe outer end or" the secondary shaft 50 carries a knob 5l ot the usual type employed on sate doors and which knob is provided. with an enlarged flange resting` against the outer `tace oiE they door. This 'flange indicated at 52 is the secondary combination dial having an arrow 53 registering with suitable numerals 54 on the surface ci a ring 55 'lixed to the face oil the door l() and surrounding the secondary dial 52. rlhe numerals on the ring- 55 correspond with the otlset portions 45 ot he extensions 40, thus it will be noted that to properly locate the tooth Q9 to -niove in the pathl of one of the offset portions 45 it will simply be necessary to rotate the dial 52 which will move the bar 25 axially until the arrow 53 indicates the correct position or number lon the dial. This step willi, oi course, be carried out by the operation of the secondary combination mecha nism, which will be more fully described hereinaitter. f

The bolt shitting mechanism, making up the third mechanical part 1n the combination ot elements comprising vthis invention.

Yrack 63 movable in guideways 64 mounted in the chamber 14. The teeth ol: these racks 655 mesh .with a toothed wheel 65 connected to one face of the bevel gear 49a and are arranged that each rack is operated ilroni diainetrically opposite sides ot the wheel 65.r so that a rotation ot the Awheel 65 will simultaneously move the racks 63 toward or a way from the upper and lower edges oi the. door l0.` "This operation will -set or withdraw the bolts as the case may be, but such a step in the operation may not be eilected until the plate 58 is in order to be operated. ln Figs.

l and 2, the construction ot plate and its coacting parts, are clearly shown, and include an inward projection 66 on the opposite side ot' the plate i'rom the bolts 59. At the edges of the projection 66 and project-imi' upwardly at an angle thereof are Vbrat-lost? 67 which support a selector plate 68. This plate 68 extends substantially to the back face oit the front of the door l() and is pro vided with oriices 69 having a diameter which will just receive the pins 3e and which orilices 69 are spaced so that when all ot the pins are aligned in row *formation the openings 69 will be axially in register with the pins 38, whereupon the plate 68 may be moved inwardly and over the pins. 'llo eltect the inward movement ot the plate 66 utter the pins 38 are in proper position, the bolt plate 58 is provided with an extension member 70, one end oi" which is secured to the under tace of the projection 66 and the` opposite or Al'ree end is bent inwardly at right angles and vis brought into a plain` which is in the path ot the extreme outward movement of the bar 25, so that after the combination of the lock has been completed a further turn of the knob 5l will drive the end of the rack 28 against the angular yper-- tion oi' the member 7() to withdraw the plate 58 and also the other bolt plates 56 and 5T lou respectively in a manner described in the foregoing; paragraph. ln ordeiI to the bolts to the locked or extended position a contact boss 7l is provided on the inner end of the projection 66 which Will receive the blowv from the inner end ot the bar 25 opposite to the rack and tend to again projest the bolts oi' the plate ings 60.

ln order to facilitate a change .in the working combination o'll the dishl 33 therel is a number on each spolie 37 correspoinlinicj with a number on the tace of the ring i!) and by changing the extensions l0 'from one spoke to another a new combination may be reaiflily provided; it beingsimply necessary to move the arrow 2l to the number on the ringh which corresponds to the number on the spoke having the extension.

in the operation of tlie lock7 hereinbet'ore described, it ivill be assumed that the door l() has had the bolts extended and `the several parte moved to a position shown in his; 'l where the bolts are ready to be withdrawn The dish or selector 33 which is nearest to the bar 25 will be the first acted upon principally because it is desirable to work the rack outwardly toward the angular portion olf the extension 70. The lfnob 5l controlling the secondary combination device is roYA tated Iin the direction ol" the arroiv o in lili 4l', and the indicator 53% is moved to register 'with the proper number on the plate or ringl lln eieetinn this` movement the bevel gears 5f-Sl and 19 rotate with the 'toothed ivheel e8 to move the raeh 28 and j iosition the tooth 29 in the path ot' the offset o i" the extension ll.. The other racks @il will also be slightly moved, but with no etleift herauf-1e the lost motion or play provided by the an rangement oi" the stirruiis (il and Alorlts il@ enable all ot' the disks or selectors to be set before knob 5l may be rota-ted sntliriently to withdraw the bolts o9. fitter the first co zi-- bination 'number has been properly regs stered the primary dial 15% may then be f. tated, in the direction oi the arrow 7n until the indicator arrow 2L ieoisters with the nuniber indicated on the spoke il? bovino the e? ens-ion member secured thereon, lo rotating` the dial lit the shaiit li' and bloei; 2Q vwill lilieivise tin-1n whereupon the bar 25 ivith tooth Q9 will move areiiately iiiitil thev latter engaggges the oii'set a5 oilI the extension Ail moving disk or selector l'l and bringing the pin $23 ot tl i dish in register with thiVx lli-st ot the orifices (39 in the selector plate rthe dial i8 is then returned to :cero and the knob 5l is again turnedv to .move the tooth 29` in the path oft' the next oifset 45 ot Athe extension 4Q carried on the spoke et the disk or selector let. This operation rcikieated until the entire series oi dislrs or .faeleetil i 39s lh 35 and ftl are in thepositioii wat la', vdiei'eupon the lniob Till through the ope may be turned to make a complete revoluthe free angular end ot' the ex'ensioii TU moving the latter inwardly to withdraw the l bolts on the plate 58 and lilieivise the upper and lovver bolts l 'ilo reset the bolts in locked or extended position the knob 5l is turned in a reverse direction from that just described and-the near end of the bar will engage the boss as before des libed.

It might be added that in order to assure the proper position of the bai' Q5 'through ont its axial movementtlie spring actuated centering ball 27 moves into the recess or depressions 2G when the tooth 29 is in its 'stering position, or in other words 'for each extension all there is a depression 2li 'which ivill aid in locating the position ot the bar 25 by permitting the ball 2 to center in each siicceedingsdepression as the bar Q5 is set for a neiv number.

I claim l. A combination locking; device comprising a casing,` provided with extensible loching bolts a pair of shafts mounted in said casingpr,y a series of selectors carried by one oi said shaftsI and means movable transversely of said selectors by the rotation ot said other shaft whereby each selector may be engaged and then. rotated by said selec tor shai't to etl'ectuate the movement ot said locking bolts.

2. .v -i combination locking` device compris ingr a casing provided with extensible lockbolts, a pair of dial shaits mi'ninted in said casing. a series of selectors carried bj.' one ot said shafts, a selector bar movable transversely of said selector sha-lit, and means effected by the rotation of the other sliatt whereby said bar may be first moved to separately engage keachV of said selectors and then moved arcuately to rotate said. lectors a predeteimined distance, so to permit axial movement ol" said bol i 3. n combination locking' device comin-isA ing a easing' provided With extensible lockinn bolts.y one of said Abolts` havingn :i series oi? opi-innings therein, a pair oi dial shaifts mounted Vin said casing', a series ot spoked selectors loosely carried by one ot said dial sha'lits.` an extensible bar having' a selector engaging-ig projection thereon and mounted transversely of said selector shalt means op` erated by said other shalt to move said bar axially whereby said projection may be brought. intothe path of selectors to rotate each oi the latter separately ot the othert and nieans whereby when each selector has been moved to a predetermined position said selectors may be received by said openings in one of the bolts whereby further rotation et the shaft not havingthe selectors Will move the bolts axially and within said casing'.

il. A combination locking device comprisingl a casingl provided with extensible lock.

selector receiving means, a transversely extensible bar carried by said selector shaft and provided With means 1for engagingsaid. selectors, and a second shaft mounted in said caeing` and provided With a dial exteriorly of said casing, said second shaft provided with means whereby said bar may be engaged and moved axially following each arcuate movement thereof` to bring said projectiton in the path of cach succeeding` selector so that the latter may be moved apredetermined distance so as to bring,` each small spoke in register with said selector receiving` means whereby further rotatiton otl said second shalt will move the bolts axially.

5. ln a lock, a casinghaving a chamber therein, bolts extensible Within and through opposite sides of said casing, a series ot spoked disks loosely mounted within said chamber, means 'tor independently rotating;

l,each ot said disks, means movable with said` and bolts to receive the spokes oft said disks, Y means cooperating with said :first named means to axially move said bolts.

6. inV a lock, a casinghaving,` a chamber therein, bolts extensible Within and through opposite sides ot said casing, a dial having;` an inwardly projecting' sha'tt, a series ot spoked disks `loosely mounted on said shaft, means tor rotating each disk independently `ot the others, means for receiving one spoke of each disk and carried by one ot said bolts, a second shaft having` a dial exteriorly of said casing; and means carried by said second sha'lt and cooperating' ivith thel bolts Wheret by said `first named mea nsmay lirst be moved .axially toengage each disklseparately and then moved further to Wlthdraw .and ein,

tend said bolts.

7. ln a lock, a casinghavlng upright lvvalls, bolts Within and through opposite Walls of said casing, a pair of dial shafts mounted in said casing, one of said shafts being` provided Withiselector disks loosely mounted thereon, said selectorl disks comprising central hubs provided with radially disposed arms havingtransverse threaded openings therein, projections interchangeable with saidtarms and arranged so that each. disk has one of said projections, the latter extending" outwardly in the direction .of the arm and then at an angle substantially beyond the innermost selector disk, one ot the arms of each of said disks having its diameter smaller than the remaining arms, a-plate carried by said bolts andprovided with openiarmse ings arranged to register with Asaid small arms, and means whereby when said disks have been moved to bringeach oi said small arms in register with the openings in said plate the latter may be moved over said small arms to withdraw and extend said bolts.

8. A bolt locking' device ot the character comprising extensible bolts mounted on bars Within said locking` device, a selector shalt having a transversely extensible toothed bar mounted therein, a second shaft mounted in said device and provided `with a pinion located in the path oli movement ot the teeth ot said bar, and means carried by one ol said bolt bars whereby when the toothed bar is engaged with said pinion rotation ot the latter will move t-he toothed bar axially to engage said means to Withdraw and extend said bolt-s.

9. ,fr bolt locking device of the cha 'acter described, comprisingl a casing havinp; out standing; Walls, bolts extensible within and through opposite sides oit said walls, two dials mounted exteriorly ot said casing and provided With inwardly projecting;` shafts, selectors loosely carried by one ot said shafts vand adapted to be independently rotated, an extensive toothed barmounted 1n said selector shaft and providedavith means Whereby axial movement oi the shaft ivillengage with one or the other ot said selectors, and a toothed pinion operated trom the other of said dials and in the path ot `possible arcuate movement of said tooth bar whereby the latter may be moved axially a predetermined distance to bring said engaging means into engagement With anyone ot said selectors and upon turther movement said pinion is adapted to actuate said bolts to ivitl1- draw and extend the latter. 'v i l0. ln a combination locking` device ot the character described, the combination Vof `a series ot independently rotatablel selector disks, a spacing' block separating each disk from the other, radiating` spokes carried by each disk and comprising; rectangularly formed members provided with threaded openings adjacent ltheir t'ree ends, interchangeable t projections adapted to be attached to one spoke ot each disk, and means mounted at the inner end ot said series o'l side walls nais/,vae

with a projection adapted to be brought into the path oi" each extension whereby rotary movement oi" said bar will engage the projection on the latter to independently rotate each otsaid disks.

l2. ln a combination lock 'lor doors, the combination ot a pair ot sbatte mounted in said door and provided with dials located exteriorly ol said door, graduated rings surrounfjling' said `ilials and provide il with indication arks thereon, a series ot disksloosely mounted on one ot said shatts, a bevel gear keyed to said other sha/tt, said bevel gear meshing with a second bevel gear having a pinion carried hereby, and an extensible toothed bar mounted in the tree end ot said disk shaft and adapted to be moved arcuately to engage with said pinion` whereby rotation ot said pinion will move said bar axially a predetermined distance indicated by the distance said pinion dial moves with relation to said `graduated rings.

.ln a lock, a door casing havinr-fzv its side walls nfovided with bolt receiving openings,

" bolts mounted on bars and, extensible within and through said openings, stirrups carried, on the inner lace ot said bars, forks movable axially of said bolts and adapted to have one of the legs loosely engaged in said` stirrup. and means for moving said i'orks so as to 'permit substantial movement in either direction bel-ore ellecting the movement oit said bolt bars.

14. ln a lock, a. door casing having its provided with an opening, bars movable toward and away 'from the inner 'tace oi said walls and provided with bolts extensible in said openings stirrups secured to the inner 'tace ot each ot said bars, forks one leg oi which engages over said stirrup and the other leg adapted to abut the outer face oli said stirrup, and means for engaging said 4torks to simultaneously move the latter inwardly and outwardly to withdraw and extend said bolts` said Yforks being capable oi" substantial axial movement in either direction before eiecting said stirrups.

l5, Tn a lock, a series of selector disks looselyr mounted on a common axis, as a center, a selectorbar movable transversely of said axis, means whereby said bar may be extended to separately aetuate each ot said selectors. and means for subsequently moving said bar arcuately to rotate each of said selectors a predetermined distance.

16. In a lock, a series ol selector members provided with projections adapted to be independently moved about a common axis as a center, and an extensible member capable ot arcuate movement about said. axis as a center and provided with a projection7 whereby when said extensible member is moved axially the projection may lirst be brought into engagement with one oi said selector `projections and then moved about said axis to rotate said selector a predetermined distance.

i7. In a lock, a series ot loosely mounted disks having spokes extending` radiallj,T thereof, one or' said spokes ot each disk h: *i ing a different cross section from the mainingspokes, angular extensions carried by one spoke of each disk, means movable in the path o1 each extension to engage against the latter to move the spokes having the diilferent cross section to a predeterminial point, and means 'tor moving said lirst named ineensv axially to separately engage the extensions of each disk.

18. ln a` lock, a series oit' selector disl'zs superposed one on the other, ashatt upon which said disks are loosely mounted, means carried by said shaft for engaging said disks to independently rotate each or the latter to a predetermined position, a locking member tor said disks, and means cooperating with said first named 'rneansto first, move the latter axially step by step to engage the disks and thereafter to move into en gagenientwith said locking member to lock the said disks against `further rotary movement.

19. In a lock, a casing having extensible bolts in opposite walls, said bolts mounted on bars toward and away from each other, stirrups carried on the inner surface of each of said bars, members movable axially ol said bolts and provided with a fork at one end thereof adapted to engage said stirrups earied by said bars, the opposite ends et said members being provided with teeth, and a pinion adapted to register with said teeth on each member, whereby rotation of said pinion will first move said members axially of said bolts asubstantial distance and then engage said forks with said stirrups to withdraw and extend said bolts.

20. ln a lock, a series ot' loosely rotatably mounted, disks having spokes extending radially thereof, one oi said spokes of each disk being of a smaller diameter than the remaining spokes, and a bolt plate movable counter to the axis of said disks and provided with openings therein to receive said smaller spokes, whereby said plate may be moved over said small spokes when the latter are prearranged.

21. In a. locking mechanism tor extensible bolts` an exteriorly moiuited dial havil'igy a. shaft extendinginwardly therefrom. selectors looselyT mounted on said shaft and pro vided with radially extending rectangular spokes evenly spaced from each other, a pin carried by each disk to replace one of said spokes, a plate mounted on one of said bolts and provided with an opening therein adapted to receive said pins, a bar mounted transversely of said shaft and provided with a rack on one edge terminating in an encarried by said bolt plate, Whereb7 after said second dial has been alternately rotated `with said first dial to arrange said pins in alignment with the opening in saidV pla-te,

to move the latter over said pins to With draw said bolts by continued rotation oi:

said second dial. i

22. Ina combination safe locking device,

the combination of two dia-ls mounted eX- -teriorly of said safe and each provided withl an indicating mark thereon, a divided ring; surrounding each of said dialsvandprovided with numerals at each division, selectors inner end, a second dial `mounted on the axis oit-one of said dials andI provided with spokes having numerals corresponding With those on said ring, interchangeable actuating means carried by onev spoke of each Selector,' and engaging1 means movable counter to the axis ot', said selectors and in thepath ot said actiratingmeans7 and means initiated by. the rotation of the other dial whereby said engaging means may he moved axially a distance indicated by the relative movement of the indicator on said dia-l with the numerals on said ring surrounding it to engage each actuating means separately to rotate said selectors afpredetremined distance.

In testimony` whereof7 Jannes has signed his name to this specification this 21st day of June 1921.' l 'JAMES M. ZEIMAN.

M'. Zivmmian 

